1. Because/ because of/ as/ since etc. connect statement and reason
Nobody likes him. He is stupid.
Nobody likes him because he is stupid.
Nobody likes him because of stupidity.
He didn’t study hard. He failed the exam.
Since he didn’t study hard, he failed the exam.
He failed the exam as he didn’t study hard.
Nobody likes him. He is stupid.
Nobody likes him because he is stupid.
Nobody likes him because of stupidity.
He didn’t study hard. He failed the exam.
Since he didn’t study hard, he failed the exam.
He failed the exam as he didn’t study hard.
2. To, in order to, so, so that, therefore connect action and purpose.
Sita went to the market to/ in order to buy some rice.
She always studies hard. She always stood first in the class.
She always studies hard therefore/so she always stood first in the class.
He went to the bank. He cashed the cheque.
He went to the bank so that he could cash the cheque.
She always studies hard. She always stood first in the class.
She always studies hard therefore/so she always stood first in the class.
He went to the bank. He cashed the cheque.
He went to the bank so that he could cash the cheque.
3. Although/even though/though/ in spite of/ despite connect situation and unexpected results.
She studied hard. She failed the exam.
Although/even though/ though she studied hard, she failed the exam.
In spite of/ Despite her hard study, she failed the exam.
In spite of/ Despite the fact that she studied hard, she failed the exam.
Note: When you connect (join) two sentences with in spite of/ despite/ because of you must change the statement/ situation into noun phrase. You cannot write full sentence.
She studied hard. She failed the exam.
Although/even though/ though she studied hard, she failed the exam.
In spite of/ Despite her hard study, she failed the exam.
In spite of/ Despite the fact that she studied hard, she failed the exam.
Note: When you connect (join) two sentences with in spite of/ despite/ because of you must change the statement/ situation into noun phrase. You cannot write full sentence.
4. Explanation for remarks
Don’t play much. Your exams are soon.
Please, open the window. It’s a bit stuffy in here.
I am afraid I could not come to the party. I am feeling unwell.
You’d better drink tea quickly. It will be cold soon.
Don’t play much. Your exams are soon.
Please, open the window. It’s a bit stuffy in here.
I am afraid I could not come to the party. I am feeling unwell.
You’d better drink tea quickly. It will be cold soon.
Examples:
1. Combine the following sentences using because, because of, so that, although and as a result of.
(a) Many people do yoga. They want to keep fit.
(b) Her parents objected, but she still instated on getting married.
(c) She joined a drama group. She could meet people.
(d) Cigarette price has risen. Many people are giving up smoke.
(e) We stayed indoors. There was fighting in the streets.
Answers:
(a) Many people do yoga because they want to keep fit.
(b) Although her parents objected, she instated on getting married.
(c) She joined a drama group so that she could meet people.
(d) Cigarette price has risen as a result many people are giving up smoking.
(e) We stayed indoors because of fighting in the street.
(a) Many people do yoga. They want to keep fit.
(b) Her parents objected, but she still instated on getting married.
(c) She joined a drama group. She could meet people.
(d) Cigarette price has risen. Many people are giving up smoke.
(e) We stayed indoors. There was fighting in the streets.
Answers:
(a) Many people do yoga because they want to keep fit.
(b) Although her parents objected, she instated on getting married.
(c) She joined a drama group so that she could meet people.
(d) Cigarette price has risen as a result many people are giving up smoking.
(e) We stayed indoors because of fighting in the street.